Some women wish to become pregnant having difficulty in doing so because of failure to produce healthy ova or eggs. In such cases, conception may still be possible through egg donation, a process which involves another woman providing egg cells which will then be inseminated and implanted into the recipient's womb.
A woman who decides that using an egg donor is the best choice for her, is likely getting older and either no longer ovulates on a regular basis or she may be worried about using her own eggs because of her advanced age. Some women may have had their ovaries surgical removed, or they may have undergone cancer treatment that has rendered them infertile. A physician can refer patients to a fertility center that offers this procedure.
Patients should be advised that this is a costly procedure, ranging in price from several thousands to tens of thousands of dollars, depending on who is performing it and where it is being done. The cost covers compensation for the donor and all associated expenses pertaining to treatment from preliminary screening through to implantation of the embryos. Both the recipient and donor will be required to sign a contract, which stipulates all legal implications related to the procedure.
Choosing a donor is done usually from large databases available to potential recipients and searched according to the educational and ethnic background, religion, and appearance which they prefer. This is an anonymous process, although sometimes a family member or friend will donate. Donors are provided with a letter of introduction from interested recipients, and if the interest is mutual, this results in a match.
Synchronization of the donor's and recipient's menstrual cycles is the first step in the process. This involves assessing the donor's ovarian function on the first day of her period by blood tests and ultrasound and placing her on birth control pills to regulate and monitor it. Other fertility medications will also need to be taken by the donor in the form of pills and injections.
The donor's present ovulation pattern will cease as she takes oral contraceptives and daily gonadotropin injections for about a month. Following this round of medications, she will then have a period that will occur at the same time as that of the recipient, which is necessary for successful embryo implantation.
Following menstruation, the donor receives daily injections to stimulate the maturation of multiple egg follicles, this process will be closely watched using regular blood work and ultrasound. Once the eggs are fully ripened, she will administer an injection of human chorionic gonadotropin to help release them, and by the next day they can be harvested and prepared for insemination. The recipient will also need to take several injections to prepare her uterine lining and to prevent ovulation. Several days later, two to four embryos will be implanted via a cervical catheter into the recipient's uterus.
Many couples become parents through this procedure, although sometimes in vitro techniques fail, and the pregnancy ends in miscarriage. The hormones taken can also cause side effects in some patients such as breast tenderness, mood swings, hot flashes, and very rarely pain and swelling from hyper-stimulation of the ovaries.
A woman who decides that using an egg donor is the best choice for her, is likely getting older and either no longer ovulates on a regular basis or she may be worried about using her own eggs because of her advanced age. Some women may have had their ovaries surgical removed, or they may have undergone cancer treatment that has rendered them infertile. A physician can refer patients to a fertility center that offers this procedure.
Patients should be advised that this is a costly procedure, ranging in price from several thousands to tens of thousands of dollars, depending on who is performing it and where it is being done. The cost covers compensation for the donor and all associated expenses pertaining to treatment from preliminary screening through to implantation of the embryos. Both the recipient and donor will be required to sign a contract, which stipulates all legal implications related to the procedure.
Choosing a donor is done usually from large databases available to potential recipients and searched according to the educational and ethnic background, religion, and appearance which they prefer. This is an anonymous process, although sometimes a family member or friend will donate. Donors are provided with a letter of introduction from interested recipients, and if the interest is mutual, this results in a match.
Synchronization of the donor's and recipient's menstrual cycles is the first step in the process. This involves assessing the donor's ovarian function on the first day of her period by blood tests and ultrasound and placing her on birth control pills to regulate and monitor it. Other fertility medications will also need to be taken by the donor in the form of pills and injections.
The donor's present ovulation pattern will cease as she takes oral contraceptives and daily gonadotropin injections for about a month. Following this round of medications, she will then have a period that will occur at the same time as that of the recipient, which is necessary for successful embryo implantation.
Following menstruation, the donor receives daily injections to stimulate the maturation of multiple egg follicles, this process will be closely watched using regular blood work and ultrasound. Once the eggs are fully ripened, she will administer an injection of human chorionic gonadotropin to help release them, and by the next day they can be harvested and prepared for insemination. The recipient will also need to take several injections to prepare her uterine lining and to prevent ovulation. Several days later, two to four embryos will be implanted via a cervical catheter into the recipient's uterus.
Many couples become parents through this procedure, although sometimes in vitro techniques fail, and the pregnancy ends in miscarriage. The hormones taken can also cause side effects in some patients such as breast tenderness, mood swings, hot flashes, and very rarely pain and swelling from hyper-stimulation of the ovaries.
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